{"id":33076,"date":"2022-09-15T12:07:47","date_gmt":"2022-09-15T19:07:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.homelight.com\/blog\/?p=33076"},"modified":"2026-03-30T13:54:07","modified_gmt":"2026-03-30T20:54:07","slug":"are-we-in-a-recession-2022","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.homelight.com\/blog\/are-we-in-a-recession-2022\/","title":{"rendered":"We\u2019re Not Yet in a Recession in 2022 &#8211; Here\u2019s How We\u2019ll Know"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><i>The U.S. housing market is undergoing a rebalancing. Visit <\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/www.homelight.com\/blog\/real-estate-housing-market-shift-resource-hub\/\"><i>HomeLight&#8217;s 2022 Housing Trends Hub<\/i><\/a><i> for information on how to navigate a shifting market \u2014 whether you&#8217;re a seller, buyer, or homeowner.<\/i><\/p>\n<p>Ever since 2021\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnn.com\/2022\/01\/20\/homes\/us-nar-home-sales-december-and-2021\/index.html\">record home prices<\/a>, Americans have been waiting for that too-good-to-last bubble to burst. Although the housing market <a href=\"https:\/\/www.homelight.com\/blog\/buyer-will-the-housing-market-crash-in-2022\/\">still ran hot at the beginning of 2022<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/cpiinflationcalculator.com\/the-consumer-price-index-remained-unchanged-in-july-seasonally-adjusted-and-increased-8-5-annually\/\">higher grocery prices<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globenewswire.com\/en\/news-release\/2022\/08\/18\/2501016\/0\/en\/Existing-Home-Sales-Retreated-5-9-in-July.html\">fewer home sales<\/a>, and other factors from summer to fall made economists and armchair analysts wonder: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.homelight.com\/blog\/how-to-prepare-for-recession\/\">Are we in a recession<\/a>?<\/p>\n<p>Not quite, although those anxieties are understandable. Here, we\u2019ve looked at several expert analyses to help you get a better understanding of what a recession is, what causes a recession, and what signs show whether we\u2019re in a recession in 2022 \u2014 or approaching one.<\/p>\n<div id=\"section--1\" data-toc-header=\"What is a recession?\" data-toc-type=\"head\"><\/div>\n<h2>What is a recession?<\/h2>\n<p>The general macroeconomic <a href=\"https:\/\/www.acorns.com\/learn\/investing\/how-long-does-a-recession-last\/\">definition<\/a> of a recession is \u201ctwo or more consecutive quarters of a negative growth rate of gross domestic product,\u201d or <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bea.gov\/data\/gdp\">GDP<\/a>. That\u2019s the total value of everything the United States produces, as measured by the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bea.gov\/\">U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis<\/a>. The GDP <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bea.gov\/news\/2022\/gross-domestic-product-second-estimate-and-corporate-profits-preliminary-second-quarter\">dropped 0.6% in the second quarter of 2022<\/a> after falling 1.6% in the first quarter of 2022, data shows.<\/p>\n<p>However, the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nber.org\/about-nber\">National Bureau of Economic Research<\/a> (NBER) of Cambridge, Massachusetts, a private, nonpartisan organization of nearly 1,700 economists that analyze major economic issues, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nber.org\/research\/business-cycle-dating\/business-cycle-dating-procedure-frequently-asked-questions\">defines a recession<\/a> as \u201ca significant decline in economic activity that is spread across the economy and that lasts more than a few months.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"geo-cta widget-cta widget-cta--content     widget-cta--dark widget-cta--dark-blue-gradient\">\n    <div class=\"widget-element--content\">\n        <div class=\"widget-element--content-header\">\n            <img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"homelight logo\" class=\"widget-element--logo\" src=\"https:\/\/www.homelight.com\/blog\/wp-content\/themes\/ccprototypev5\/images\/logo-small-cta.png\" width=\"106\" height=\"25\" \/>\n        <\/div>\n        \n                <h3 class=\"cta-headline widget--bold\">How Much Is Your Home Worth Now?<\/h3>\n                        <p>Get a near-instant home value estimate from HomeLight for free. Our tool analyzes the records of recently sold homes near you, your home\u2019s last sale price, and other market trends to provide a preliminary range of value in under two minutes.<\/p>\n        \n                <div class=\"widget-element--buttons\">\n            <a data-type=\"In Content CTA\" href=\"https:\/\/www.homelight.com\/simple-home-value\/quiz?#\/qaas=0\/\" class=\"cta-click-track widget-element--button\">Get Estimate<\/a>\n        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div id=\"section--2\" data-toc-header=\"What causes a recession?\" data-toc-type=\"head\"><\/div>\n<h2>What causes a recession?<\/h2>\n<p>A recession starts at the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nber.org\/research\/data\/us-business-cycle-expansions-and-contractions\">peak of a business cycle<\/a> and ends at the trough, the NBER says. Several factors can cause a recession, according to the investment and savings app <a href=\"https:\/\/www.acorns.com\/\">Acorns<\/a>, which has over 11 million users. These <a href=\"https:\/\/www.acorns.com\/learn\/investing\/how-long-does-a-recession-last\/\">include<\/a>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Manufacturing slowdowns<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.homelight.com\/blog\/how-high-will-mortgage-rates-go\/\">High interest rates<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Credit crunches<\/li>\n<li>Real estate declines<\/li>\n<li>World events such as pandemics, which can halt business activity<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Think of a recession as a tumbling <a href=\"https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/business\/interactive\/2022\/what-causes-a-recession\/\">chain of events that shrinks the economy<\/a>, notes The Washington Post: \u201cIf the price of a hamburger goes up, you might stop buying hamburgers. This would impact a restaurant, and that would impact a server.\u201d<\/p>\n<div id=\"section--3\" data-toc-header=\"What are the warning signs of a recession?\" data-toc-type=\"head\"><\/div>\n<h2>What are the warning signs of a recession?<\/h2>\n<p>To identify a recession, the NBER examines several <a href=\"https:\/\/eml.berkeley.edu\/~cromer\/Working\/NBER%20Recession%20Dates\/NBER%20Recession%20Dates.pdf\">federal measures of economic activity<\/a> beyond industrial production, including employment, real income, and wholesale-retail trade.<\/p>\n<p>Other declines in economic activity might include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Falling stock prices<\/li>\n<li>Reduced consumer spending<\/li>\n<li>High interest rates<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.homelight.com\/blog\/how-will-inflation-affect-the-housing-market\/\">Rising inflation<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Increased unemployment<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.homelight.com\/blog\/real-estate-housing-market-shift-resource-hub\/\">Fewer home sales<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Currently, economists notice some of these factors but not others. Check out the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.homelight.com\/blog\/how-is-the-housing-market-right-now\/\">housing market<\/a>, for instance, where drops in sales haven\u2019t affected home prices. Existing home sales in July fell <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globenewswire.com\/en\/news-release\/2022\/08\/18\/2501016\/0\/en\/Existing-Home-Sales-Retreated-5-9-in-July.html\">5.9% month-over-month and 20.2% year-over-year<\/a>, according to the National Association of Realtors (NAR). Yet the median existing home price nationwide <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globenewswire.com\/en\/news-release\/2022\/08\/18\/2501016\/0\/en\/Existing-Home-Sales-Retreated-5-9-in-July.html\">rose to $403,800, a 10.8% increase from $364,600 in July 2021<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWe\u2019re witnessing a housing recession in terms of declining home sales and home building,\u201d NAR Chief Economist Lawrence Yun <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globenewswire.com\/en\/news-release\/2022\/08\/18\/2501016\/0\/en\/Existing-Home-Sales-Retreated-5-9-in-July.html\">said<\/a> in a statement. \u201cHowever, it\u2019s not a recession in home prices. Inventory remains tight, and prices continue to rise nationally with nearly 40% of homes still commanding the full list price.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Instead of eyeing the stock market, some analysts watch for an <a href=\"https:\/\/www.kiplinger.com\/slideshow\/investing\/t038-s001-recessions-10-facts-you-must-know\/index.html\">inverted yield curve<\/a>. This occurs when short-term government securities, such as a three-month Treasury bill, yield more than a 10-year Treasury bond, signaling that bond traders expect weaker future growth, according to Kiplinger<i>.\u00a0<\/i><\/p>\n<p>Others look for economic signs from top companies, NPR <a href=\"https:\/\/www.npr.org\/2022\/08\/12\/1116914090\/recession-fears-wall-street-downturn-layoffs-economy-jobs-advertising-shopping\">says<\/a>. Lower ad sales and reduced capital spending indicate that corporations are cautious about what lies ahead.<\/p>\n<div id=\"section--4\" data-toc-header=\"How often do recessions occur?\" data-toc-type=\"head\"><\/div>\n<h2>How often do recessions occur?<\/h2>\n<p>A recession is like the ebb of a wave: something expected after a natural buildup. \u201cExpansion is the normal state of the economy; most recessions are brief,\u201d the NBER <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nber.org\/research\/business-cycle-dating\/business-cycle-dating-procedure-frequently-asked-questions\">says<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>NBER <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nber.org\/research\/data\/us-business-cycle-expansions-and-contractions\">data shows<\/a> there have been 34 recessions since 1854. According to Kiplinger, a recession has occurred an average of about <a href=\"https:\/\/www.kiplinger.com\/slideshow\/investing\/t038-s001-recessions-10-facts-you-must-know\/index.html\">three-and-a-quarter years<\/a> since 1857. Since World War II, the nation has gone an <a href=\"https:\/\/www.kiplinger.com\/slideshow\/investing\/t038-s001-recessions-10-facts-you-must-know\/index.html\">average of nearly five years<\/a>, or 58.4 months, between recessions.<\/p>\n<p>Again, because this is an average, this frequency varies. Before the pandemic-related recession in February 2020, the most recent recession was in December 2007, roughly twelve years earlier, the NBER <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nber.org\/research\/data\/us-business-cycle-expansions-and-contractions\">says<\/a>.<\/p>\n<div id=\"section--5\" data-toc-header=\"How long do recessions last?\" data-toc-type=\"head\"><\/div>\n<h2>How long do recessions last?<\/h2>\n<p>Just like economists know recessions are part of the economic cycle, they also expect recoveries. There\u2019s no way to predict how long it takes for the economy to rebound, though. Some of these contract-and-expand cycles \u201cmay be quite extended,\u201d the NBER <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nber.org\/research\/business-cycle-dating\/business-cycle-dating-procedure-frequently-asked-questions\">says<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>On average, recessions <a href=\"https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/business\/2022\/06\/15\/7-tips-on-how-to-survive-a-recession\/\">last about 11 months<\/a>, according to The Washington Post.<i>\u00a0<\/i><\/p>\n<p>The Great Depression, a recession triggered by the stock market crash of August 1929, lasted 43 months, or until March 1933, but that\u2019s not the nation\u2019s longest, NBER <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nber.org\/research\/data\/us-business-cycle-expansions-and-contractions\">data<\/a> shows. Officially known as the <a href=\"https:\/\/finance.yahoo.com\/news\/u-recessions-ranked-bad-downright-090000167.html\">Long Depression<\/a>, that occurred after a stock market panic in 1873 and lasted for over five years, until 1879.<\/p>\n<p>The pandemic-related recession of 2020 is the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nber.org\/research\/data\/us-business-cycle-expansions-and-contractions\">shortest on record<\/a>, lasting about two months. The recession prior to that, dubbed the <a href=\"https:\/\/finance.yahoo.com\/news\/u-recessions-ranked-bad-downright-090000167.html\">Great Recession<\/a>, began in December 2007 and lasted until June 2009 \u2014 just 18 months \u2014 although the recovery afterward took years.<\/p>\n<div id=\"section--6\" data-toc-header=\"Are we currently in a recession?\" data-toc-type=\"head\"><\/div>\n<h2>Are we currently in a recession?<\/h2>\n<p>Considering multiple factors, experts say no \u2014 but there\u2019s likely to be a recession over the next year. In fact, among 2,000 consumers surveyed this summer, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.magnifymoney.com\/news\/recession-survey\/\">59% say they expect a recession in the next six months<\/a>, according to MagnifyMoney, a personal finance site that Lending Tree acquired in 2017.<\/p>\n<p>The Conference Board, a non-partisan, not-for-profit think tank founded in 1916 that analyzes financial trends worldwide, predicts a \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.conference-board.org\/research\/us-forecast\">relatively short and somewhat mild<\/a>\u201d recession by the year\u2019s end, citing inflation and the Federal Reserve\u2019s \u201crising hawkishness.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>The Federal Reserve often <a href=\"https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/business\/interactive\/2022\/what-causes-a-recession\/\">raises interest rates<\/a> to combat inflation. The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.whitehouse.gov\/briefing-room\/statements-releases\/2022\/08\/15\/by-the-numbers-the-inflation-reduction-act\/\">Inflation Reduction Act of 2022<\/a>, signed into law in August, likely will take one to two years to impact the overall economy, the board <a href=\"https:\/\/www.conference-board.org\/research\/us-forecast\">says<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mckinsey.com\/business-functions\/growth-marketing-and-sales\/our-insights\/the-great-uncertainty-us-consumer-confidence-and-behavior-during-inflationary-times\">Two-thirds<\/a> of consumers in a recent study from the global management consulting firm McKinsey &amp; Company said they were concerned about rising prices and inflation, which this summer <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pbs.org\/newshour\/politics\/u-s-inflation-hits-new-40-year-high-jumping-7-9-over-past-year\">hit its highest level in roughly 40 years<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>While gas prices dropped 7.7% in July after rising 11.2% in June, the <a href=\"https:\/\/cpiinflationcalculator.com\/2022-cpi-and-inflation-rate-for-the-united-states\/\">annual inflation rate reached 8.5%<\/a>, according to the Consumer Price Index from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). Food prices climbed 1.1%, soaring 10.9% over the previous 12 months, the largest 12-month increase since 1979.<\/p>\n<p>Yet the labor market remains strong. The unemployment rate remained low in August at <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bls.gov\/cps\/\">3.7%<\/a>, just 0.2% above July\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnbc.com\/2022\/08\/05\/jobs-report-july-2022-528000.html\">3.5% rate<\/a>, which tied for the lowest since 1969. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnbc.com\/2022\/08\/05\/jobs-report-july-2022-528000.html\">Hourly wages<\/a> increased 0.5% in July and rose 5.2% from a year earlier.<\/p>\n<p>As CNBC <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnbc.com\/2022\/08\/05\/jobs-report-july-2022-528000.html\">notes<\/a>, \u201cThere is no historical precedent to indicate that an economy in recession can produce 528,000 jobs in a month.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>As of September, the current average rate for a <a href=\"https:\/\/fred.stlouisfed.org\/graph\/?g=NUh\">30-year fixed mortgage was around 6%<\/a>, according to Federal Reserve Economic Data. Financial experts say the Federal Reserve is on track to raise interest rates by <a href=\"https:\/\/apnews.com\/article\/jerome-powell-federal-reserve-harvard-inflation-9579251950934c287bc59a55fc87dade\">another 0.75% this month<\/a> to moderate inflation, which could slow economic activity and increase unemployment.<\/p>\n<div id=\"section--7\" data-toc-header=\"Tips to get through a recession\" data-toc-type=\"head\"><\/div>\n<h2>Tips to get through a recession<\/h2>\n<p>If you\u2019re experiencing a major life change, or if selling your house was one of your goals this year, all this talk of a recession might give you some added anxiety. You\u2019re not alone: 68% of Americans in a recent survey say they <a href=\"https:\/\/www.magnifymoney.com\/news\/recession-survey\/\">don\u2019t feel prepared financially<\/a> for a recession.<\/p>\n<p>The good news is, most of those same respondents (89%) are taking at least one step to change that. Here are a few suggestions to place yourself on better financial footing:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Pay down debt (especially high-interest debt): <\/b>If you need help, look for a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/business\/2022\/06\/15\/7-tips-on-how-to-survive-a-recession\/\">low-interest personal loan or a balance-transfer credit card<\/a> with a 0% rate so that high-interest rates don\u2019t overwhelm you. Not only does this cut down on your expenses, it <a href=\"https:\/\/www.kiplinger.com\/investing\/economy\/recession\/604860\/5-ways-to-prepare-for-a-recession\">improves your credit score<\/a> before an emergency hits, experts say.<\/li>\n<li><b>Change your spending habits: <\/b>Of those <a href=\"https:\/\/www.magnifymoney.com\/news\/recession-survey\/\">surveyed<\/a>, 54% of those earning less than $35,000 and 28% earning more than $100,000 worried about affording their monthly bills in a recession. No wonder <a href=\"https:\/\/www.magnifymoney.com\/news\/recession-survey\/\">62%<\/a> say they\u2019ve cut back on their spending while 39% say they\u2019re now sticking to a budget. In another survey, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mckinsey.com\/business-functions\/growth-marketing-and-sales\/our-insights\/the-great-uncertainty-us-consumer-confidence-and-behavior-during-inflationary-times\">74%<\/a> have taken actions such as delaying purchases or changing to lower-priced brands.<\/li>\n<li><b>Boost your emergency fund: <\/b>Consumers currently have <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mckinsey.com\/business-functions\/growth-marketing-and-sales\/our-insights\/the-great-uncertainty-us-consumer-confidence-and-behavior-during-inflationary-times\">twice as much cash<\/a> in savings as they did before the pandemic, one survey notes. We\u2019ve all heard how experts advise <a href=\"https:\/\/www.kiplinger.com\/investing\/economy\/recession\/604860\/5-ways-to-prepare-for-a-recession\">saving $3,000 or three months\u2019 worth of pay<\/a> for an emergency, whichever is greater. If you\u2019re shy of this, knuckle down over your budget and evaluate which bills you can eliminate or loans you can refinance to give yourself more wiggle room for savings.<\/li>\n<li><b>Expand your network to increase your income: <\/b>Word-of-mouth can help you find work during an economic downturn. A broader network also can alert you to side gigs or ways to diversify your earnings.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div id=\"section--8\" data-toc-header=\"Conclusion: Your next steps\" data-toc-type=\"head\"><\/div>\n<h2>Conclusion: Your next steps<\/h2>\n<p>While financial experts haven\u2019t declared we\u2019re in a recession yet, one may be on the horizon, given the typical turns of the economic cycle. Use this time to take your financial picture and make adjustments so you can ride out whatever downturn might lie ahead \u2014 and take comfort in knowing that no recession lasts forever.<\/p>\n<p><em>Header Image Source: (Mert Erbil \/ Unsplash)<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Here\u2019s how economists view high inflation and other signs that can indicate a recession, plus how you can prepare for one.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":76,"featured_media":33079,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","cybocfi_hide_featured_image":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[322,334],"tags":[747],"class_list":["post-33076","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-logistics","category-news","tag-economic-trends"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.0 (Yoast SEO v27.0) - 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