{"id":5593,"date":"2022-04-28T10:44:36","date_gmt":"2022-04-28T17:44:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.homelight.com\/blog\/?p=5593"},"modified":"2024-02-12T09:07:02","modified_gmt":"2024-02-12T17:07:02","slug":"what-do-home-appraisers-do","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.homelight.com\/blog\/what-do-home-appraisers-do\/","title":{"rendered":"What Does an Appraiser Do to Determine Home Value?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Just as each home has a determined listing price based on the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nar.realtor\/research-and-statistics\">current market<\/a>,<a href=\"https:\/\/www.homelight.com\/blog\/house-comps\/\"> surrounding comparable sales (comps<\/a>), and the expert recommendation of your <a href=\"https:\/\/www.homelight.com\/?utm_content=8384527587_89560060047_c_p__1017557__402118005336&amp;utm_campaign=8384527587&amp;%7bremtag%7d&amp;CjwKCAjwo8-SBhAlEiwAopc9W03Uuiv_SskUZSMDL6-Ly2B_eTDr_-8LVD73rvnMC0hUQ4uPbHCqBhoCaIUQAvD_BwE&amp;utm_source=google&amp;utm_medium=cpc&amp;utm_term=homelight&amp;gclid=CjwKCAjwo8-SBhAlEiwAopc9W03Uuiv_SskUZSMDL6-Ly2B_eTDr_-8LVD73rvnMC0hUQ4uPbHCqBhoCaIUQAvD_BwE\">Realtor\u00ae<\/a>, a home appraisal is the cherry on top in stating what your home is <i>actually<\/i> worth.<\/p>\n<p>Home appraisers determine the valuation of a home based on its condition, age, location, and many other important factors which we\u2019ll dive into throughout this post.<\/p>\n<p>To better explain the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nar.realtor\/sites\/default\/files\/migration_files\/A-Guide-to-Understanding-Residential-Appraisal-03-28-13.pdf\">residential home appraisal process<\/a> and how it works, we\u2019ve spoken with experts, including a home appraiser who\u2019s been in the appraisal business since 2005, and a real estate agent who\u2019s walked through hundreds of appraisals with seller clients.<\/p>\n<p>These two experts offer their combined knowledge on this topic so we can bring you the facts, and better explain how a home appraisal works, what a home appraiser does, and how exactly an appraiser determines a home\u2019s value.<br \/>\n<strong><br \/>\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"geo-cta widget-cta widget-cta--content     widget-cta--dark widget-cta--dark-blue-gradient\">\n    <div class=\"widget-element--content\">\n        <div class=\"widget-element--content-header\">\n            <img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"homelight logo\" class=\"widget-element--logo\" src=\"https:\/\/www.homelight.com\/blog\/wp-content\/themes\/ccprototypev5\/images\/logo-small-cta.png\" width=\"106\" height=\"25\" \/>\n        <\/div>\n        \n                <h3 class=\"cta-headline widget--bold\">Get a Free Home Value Estimate<\/h3>\n                        <p class=\"p1\">Enter a few details about your home, and we\u2019ll provide you with a preliminary estimate of value in less than two minutes. This won\u2019t replace a comparative market analysis (CMA) or home appraisal, but it can be a helpful starting point.<\/p>\n        \n                <div class=\"widget-element--buttons\">\n            <a data-type=\"In Content CTA\" href=\"https:\/\/www.homelight.com\/simple-home-value\/quiz?#\/qaas=0\/\" class=\"cta-click-track widget-element--button\">Request Estimate<\/a>\n        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"section--1\" data-toc-header=\"What does a home appraiser do?\" data-toc-type=\"head\"><\/div>\n<h2>What does a home appraiser do?<\/h2>\n<p>\u201cThe appraisal is the collateral component of the overall underwriting decision, which is often an important factor in the approval decision and may dictate loan limits,\u201d explains appraiser Chris Bourland of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jbvaluation.com\/our-team\/\">JB Real Estate Valuation &amp; Advisory<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>An appraiser performs research on the surrounding area and conducts a home visit to arrive at a well-accessed number of how much a home is worth. This number then gives the homeowner (or future homeowner to be) a better idea of a home\u2019s market value, and it helps lenders access an appropriate financing amount.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cFor purchase transactions involving financing, the appraisal serves the lender by providing an opinion of value so that loan decisions can be made,\u201d says Bourland.<\/p>\n<p>Stay tuned for more on what <i>exactly<\/i> a home appraiser is looking at during their research, and what to expect from an appraisal visit.<\/p>\n<div id=\"section--2\" data-toc-header=\"Who hires and pays for the home appraiser?\" data-toc-type=\"head\"><\/div>\n<h2>Who hires and pays for the home appraiser?<\/h2>\n<p>Who pays for appraisal fees depends on who ordered the appraisal and what the appraisal is being used for. Here\u2019s how it works:<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Use of the appraisal<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Who usually pays for it<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Refinance<\/td>\n<td>Homeowner \/ borrower<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Home purchase<\/td>\n<td>Buyer \/ borrower<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Pre-listing determination of value<\/td>\n<td>Owner who is planning to sell<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Settling an estate<\/td>\n<td>Family or estate assets<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>In the case of a refinance or mortgage loan, the lender will hire an appraisal through <a href=\"https:\/\/www.investopedia.com\/terms\/a\/appraisal-management-company-amc.asp#:~:text=An%20Appraisal%20Management%20Company%20(AMC)%20is%20an%20independent%20real%20estate,deliver%20appraisal%20reports%20to%20lenders.\">appraisal management companies<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>These companies provide third-party, outsourced appraisal contractors who are not affiliated with the lender or borrower. Although the lender arranges for the appraisal through an <a href=\"https:\/\/corporatefinanceinstitute.com\/resources\/commercial-real-estate\/appraisal-management-company-amc\/\">Appraisal Management Company<\/a> (AMC), it is the responsibility of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fha.com\/define\/appraisal-fee\">borrower to pay for the appraisal fees<\/a>.<\/p>\n<div id=\"section--3\" data-toc-header=\"What do appraisers do when they visit your home?\" data-toc-type=\"head\"><\/div>\n<h2>What do appraisers do when they visit your home?<\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.homelight.com\/blog\/buyer-what-does-an-appraiser-look-for\/\">A number of factors<\/a> can impact a home&#8217;s value, and a home appraiser looks at each one closely during their appraisal visit.<\/p>\n<p>Appraisers assess the value of a home by focusing on the following aspects:<\/p>\n<h3>A home\u2019s condition<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Necessary <a href=\"https:\/\/www.homelight.com\/blog\/what-to-fix-before-selling-a-house\/\">repairs<\/a><\/li>\n<li>If renovations and upgrades have been made<\/li>\n<li>Whether there\u2019s any major damage, including water damage, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.homelight.com\/blog\/selling-a-house-with-mice\/\">pest infestations<\/a>, etc.<\/li>\n<li>The home\u2019s livability (i.e. if it\u2019s move-in ready, comfortable, and safe)<\/li>\n<li>The neighborhood conformity (style, construction)<\/li>\n<li>Gutters, siding, exterior condition<\/li>\n<li>Wear and tear on appliances<\/li>\n<li>Electrical wiring and code compliance<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>A home\u2019s attributes<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>The age of the home<\/li>\n<li>Home size (square footage)<\/li>\n<li>Number of bedrooms and bathrooms<\/li>\n<li>Type of house (single-family, townhouse, condo, etc.)<\/li>\n<li>Design and style (modern, ranch, craftsman, colonial)<\/li>\n<li>How functional its layout is<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.homelight.com\/blog\/what-appraisers-look-for-in-a-house\/\">Home construction<\/a> (building materials used)<\/li>\n<li>Foundation type<\/li>\n<li>Basement, attic<\/li>\n<li>Car storage<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.homelight.com\/blog\/how-much-value-does-central-air-add-to-home\/\">HVAC information<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Appliances (refrigerator, stove, oven, dishwasher, washer, and dryer)<\/li>\n<li>Extra features and amenities (fireplaces, outdoor space, pools, storage)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Neighborhood attributes<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Type of neighborhood (urban, suburban, or rural)<\/li>\n<li>The pace of growth in the neighborhood (fast, slow, steady)<\/li>\n<li>Whether property values are increasing, decreasing, or remaining the same<\/li>\n<li>Neighborhood land use (residential or commercial, single- or multi-use units)<\/li>\n<li>Housing trends (what\u2019s happening in the area?)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Each of these factors can impact a home\u2019s value, either by raising it or lowering it a couple of thousand dollars.<\/p>\n<p>For example, boosting your home&#8217;s curb appeal, patching up the exterior, and making important upgrades like updating the appliances throughout the house, can help raise a home\u2019s appraised value. While having a home that\u2019s positioned in an undesirable location, has a poor layout, or built within a designated flood zone, are all factors that can <a href=\"https:\/\/www.homelight.com\/blog\/what-hurts-a-home-appraisal\/\">negatively impact your home\u2019s appraised value<\/a>.<\/p>\n<div id=\"section--4\" data-toc-header=\"What do appraisers do outside of a home visit?\" data-toc-type=\"head\"><\/div>\n<h2>What do appraisers do outside of a home visit?<\/h2>\n<p>Beyond looking at the home and property, to arrive at their appraised number, appraisers consider comparable homes in the area and compile data that stands to impact the home\u2019s value.<\/p>\n<p>This means they take a close look at \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.homelight.com\/blog\/house-comps\/\">comps<\/a>\u201d and \u201cother variables\u201d that can increase or decrease the value of a home.<\/p>\n<p>In real estate, \u201ccomps\u201d are comparable home sales. Meaning, homes that are similar in size, age, and other characteristics that have <a href=\"https:\/\/www.homelight.com\/blog\/houses-sold-near-me\/\">recently sold<\/a> in the area.<\/p>\n<p>For example, if the neighbor across the street sold their home of a similar age, size, and condition for $320,000, while another house down the block sold for $350,000, the appraiser is going to work within that range and add or subtract value for your home\u2019s unique condition and features.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cOther variables\u201d appraisers consider can be summed up as any outside factors that impact the desirability of a home.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cIf an appraiser is appraising an end-unit townhouse property, which the market considers to be more desirable than an interior unit (with all other features being equal), the appraiser may pull paired sales which will isolate this feature (end versus interior) difference to inform the appraiser of the market supported adjustment,\u201d explains Bourland.<\/p>\n<p>When looking at comps and other variables, appraisers use the following methods.<\/p>\n<h3>To find nearby comps, appraisers<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Look at recently sold homes on real estate websites<\/li>\n<li>Check listings on the industry\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/www.homelight.com\/blog\/buyer-what-is-the-mls-multiple-listing-service\/\">multiple listing service<\/a> (MLS)<\/li>\n<li>Consider other public records that contain information about recent home sales prices<\/li>\n<li>Investigate the title database, which contains records of all sold properties<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Appraisers check for the following factors which can affect a home\u2019s value<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Low-flying planes overhead<\/li>\n<li>The home\u2019s positioning (i.e., it\u2019s on a corner that used to be quiet but is now heavily trafficked)<\/li>\n<li>Proximity to power lines<\/li>\n<li>Whether it\u2019s on a steep hill<\/li>\n<li>If there\u2019s a creek in the backyard<\/li>\n<li>Surrounding noise levels<\/li>\n<li>Safety threats (toxic waste facility, shooting range, registered offenders, fracking, etc.)<\/li>\n<li>If it\u2019s in an undesirable school district<\/li>\n<li>Whether there are negative billboards or storefronts close by<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Part of what a home appraiser does is identify all these nuances and incorporate them into their price opinion.<\/p>\n<h2>What makes some homes difficult to appraise?<\/h2>\n<p>Some homes are easier to appraise than others, such as cookie-cutter new development houses with dozens of other surrounding similar properties.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.homelight.com\/agents\/trish-o-connell-ca-01301822?hl_ref=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2F\">Trish O\u2019Connell<\/a>, a Santa Rosa, California, real estate agent with more than 20 years of experience, explains how crucial comparables are to form a reasonable range of sales values.<\/p>\n<p>To provide an accurate value range, she says, the comparable sales generally must have taken place within a one-mile radius, within the last six months. However, that can change radically for what O\u2019Connell terms unique properties.<\/p>\n<p>A large horse ranch with a value that will most likely exceed $1,000,000 may not have any available comparable sales that meet that one-mile radius and six-month terms. In that case, the appraiser will have to expand the radius, the time frame, or both.<\/p>\n<p>Home appraisers are <a href=\"https:\/\/www.appraisalinstitute.org\/appraising-the-tough-ones-creative-ways-to-value-complex-residential-properties\/\">trained to know<\/a> \u201cspecific techniques that can be used to address problems such as the scarcity of comparable sales, the analysis of cost data, the possibility of rezoning and alternative uses, and the need to consider specially defined markets and values,\u201d according to the Appraisal Institute.<\/p>\n<div id=\"section--5\" data-toc-header=\"Home appraisal vs. a home inspection\" data-toc-type=\"head\"><\/div>\n<h2>Home appraisal vs. a home inspection<\/h2>\n<p>A home appraisal and a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.homelight.com\/blog\/buyer-how-long-does-a-home-inspection-take\/\">home inspection<\/a> both involve a trained professional who looks closely at the condition of a home, but they accomplish very different things.<\/p>\n<p>For starters, a home inspection isn\u2019t technically required \u2014 though it&#8217;s certainly recommended \u2014 while a home appraisal is required when financing through a mortgage lender.<\/p>\n<p>Requirements aside, an appraisal and an inspection determine different things about a home. To put it simply, a home appraiser tells you how much your home is worth, while a home inspector tells you what\u2019s right or wrong with your home.<\/p>\n<p>Here\u2019s a closer look at the differences between these two professions:<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><b>Appraiser<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Inspector<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Primary duty<\/td>\n<td>A home appraiser\u2019s job is to determine the value of a home.<\/td>\n<td>A home inspector\u2019s job is to determine a home&#8217;s condition and to ensure it is safe and habitable.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Length of home visit<\/td>\n<td>An appraisal is typically a shorter process than a home inspection. A home appraisal visit typically runs 30-45 minutes.<\/td>\n<td>A home inspection visit can take several hours or more as the inspector thoroughly examines the condition of the property.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Who they report to<\/td>\n<td>Appraisals for home purchases and refinances must be conducted by independent, third-party contractors or companies who are not affiliated with a bank or lending organization.<\/td>\n<td>A home inspector reports structural, safety, or repair issues to the party that hired them, whether it&#8217;s the buyer or the seller of the home.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Recommendations<\/td>\n<td>A home appraiser will not make recommendations or provide details about how to repair issues of concern.<\/td>\n<td>A home inspector will provide recommendations on how to fix any problems revealed during the inspection process. If a home inspector finds an issue, they may recommend a more specialized inspection be conducted for a closer look. More specialized inspections include but are not limited to foundation inspections, radon inspections, roofing inspections, pest inspections, electrical inspections, mold inspections, and crawl space inspections.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Who pays<\/td>\n<td>Typically, the appraisal is ordered by the buyer\u2019s lender, hired by an AMC, and paid for by the buyer as part of their financing agreement.<\/td>\n<td>Typically, the buyer pays for the home inspection, unless the seller orders a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.homelight.com\/blog\/pre-listing-home-inspection\/\">pre-listing home inspection<\/a> to gain an advantage on pricing and repairs before listing the home.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Cost<\/td>\n<td>A typical appraisal can cost <a href=\"https:\/\/www.homelight.com\/blog\/how-much-is-a-house-appraisal\/\">$300 to $600<\/a><\/td>\n<td>Home inspections can cost <a href=\"https:\/\/www.homelight.com\/blog\/buyer-who-pays-for-home-inspection\/\">$275 to $400<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<div id=\"section--6\" data-toc-header=\"What if the appraisal of my home comes in low?\" data-toc-type=\"head\"><\/div>\n<h2>What if the appraisal of my home comes in low?<\/h2>\n<p>If the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.homelight.com\/blog\/dealing-with-a-low-appraisal-when-selling-a-house\/\">appraisal on your house comes in low<\/a>, you\u2019ll want to consider the following:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Are special features such as your screened-in porch and pool noted in the report?<\/li>\n<li>Does the appraiser have local expertise to take your proximity to nearby attractions into consideration?<\/li>\n<li>Did the appraiser take photos of your house during the on-site visit?<\/li>\n<li>Did they evaluate both the inside and outside of your home?<\/li>\n<li>Did the appraiser accurately pool together the home values of similar, nearby properties in their analysis?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>If you\u2019ve made recent improvements to the home, like expansions and renovations, the appraiser should factor this work into the overall property value.<\/p>\n<p>Another key piece of valuing a home is its condition \u2014 overgrown landscaping, stained carpet, and peeling paint on the outside can all detract from a property&#8217;s value and may or may not be reflected accurately in an appraiser\u2019s calculations.<\/p>\n<p>On the flip side, a homeowner that\u2019s kept up with their home\u2019s maintenance needs for three decades will typically be rewarded with a higher appraised value.<\/p>\n<p>An experienced appraiser will also note how well the home is constructed. If the quality of the materials and the workmanship are high, these factors can bump up your home\u2019s value.<\/p>\n<div id=\"section--7\" data-toc-header=\"How do you know if an appraiser is qualified?\" data-toc-type=\"head\"><\/div>\n<h2>How do you know if an appraiser is qualified?<\/h2>\n<p>Given the importance of the appraiser\u2019s work and its impact on whether your sale closes, make sure the professional doing the appraisal is properly <a href=\"https:\/\/www.appraisalfoundation.org\/imis\/TAF\/Resources\/Aspiring_Appraisers\/How_to_Become_a_Real_Property_Appraiser\/TAF\/Copy_of_Become_RP_Appraiser.aspx?hkey=e156deb3-275f-46b6-9775-177c043ca399\">qualified and licensed to do the work<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Licensing rules vary by state, however, those rules must be at least as strict as the qualification <a href=\"https:\/\/www.appraisalfoundation.org\/imis\/TAF\/Standards\/Qualification_Criteria\/Qualification_Criteria__RP_\/TAF\/AQB_RPAQC.aspx\">criteria established by the Appraiser Qualifications Board certification<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>In short, appraisers must complete their hourly education requirements and pass the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.appraisalfoundation.org\/imis\/TAF\/Standards\/Qualification_Criteria\/National_Uniform_Licensing_and_Certification_Exam_for_Real_Property_Appraisers_\/TAF\/AQB_National_Exam.aspx?hkey=50cf1d9e-6430-4e5d-ac6e-2fe92352cbdf\">National Uniform Licensing and Certification Examination<\/a>. And take note, local knowledge of an area also matters when it comes to appraising.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cAppraisers are required to have geographic competency as well as competency in appraising a particular property type,\u201d explains Bourland.<\/p>\n<p>So, your appraiser should not only be licensed with the proper training but also have experience appraising dozens of homes in your local area.<\/p>\n<div id=\"section--8\" data-toc-header=\"Preparing for a home appraisal, and what comes next\" data-toc-type=\"head\"><\/div>\n<h2>Preparing for a home appraisal, and what comes next<\/h2>\n<p>Whether you have a home appraisal done before putting your house up for sale, or once it\u2019s been ordered by the buyer\u2019s lender, at some point in the selling process, you\u2019re going to have to prepare for a visit from an appraiser.<\/p>\n<p>To learn more about preparing for a home appraisal, check out our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.homelight.com\/blog\/home-appraisal-checklist\/\">step-by-step checklist for sellers<\/a> on how to ace your home appraisal. From learning how to research your home\u2019s value to appraisal etiquette 101, our guide will walk you through the appraisal process from start to finish.<\/p>\n<p>If this is your first home appraisal, your real estate agent can also help you prepare for the appraiser\u2019s visit, and negotiate any repairs following the appraisal and the home inspection. If you haven\u2019t found an agent yet, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.homelight.com\/find-real-estate-agents\">HomeLight<\/a>\u00a0can connect you to a top-performing agent in your area today. Our service is 100% free, with no catch. Agents don\u2019t pay us to be listed, so you get the best match.<\/p>\n<p>After the appraisal is complete, the appraiser will compile an official appraisal report. Although this document is typically only shared with the buyer and lender, as a seller, you can request to see a copy of the report if you wish.<\/p>\n<p>Once you have your home\u2019s appraisal, your agent can help determine the best way to move forward with your home sale based on its valuation and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.homelight.com\/blog\/how-is-the-housing-market-right-now\/\">current market trends<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><i>Writer Annie Sisk contributed to this story.<\/i><\/p>\n<p><em>Header Image Source: (Andrey_Popov \/ Shutterstock)<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>What do appraisers do to calculate home value? Find out how an appraiser combines measurements, observations, and research.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":252,"featured_media":31114,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","cybocfi_hide_featured_image":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[242,322],"tags":[491],"class_list":["post-5593","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-home-appraisals","category-logistics","tag-basics"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.0 (Yoast SEO v27.0) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>What Does an Appraiser Do to Determine Home Value?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"What do appraisers do to calculate home value? 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